The findings of the field trips for unpaved roads in the Oshikoto Region are summarised in table 31:
TABLE 31: FINDINGS OF THE FIELD SURVEY: UNPAVED ROADS: OSHIKOTO REGION
| Road No. | District | Start-End Km |
Stations |
EAADT |
Pavement Type |
Findings of the Field Survey |
| D2863 | Tsumeb | 29,4 33,3 | (Kombat)-Reg.Border-D3022 | 35 |
A-E | Maintained by Otjozondjupa Region Calcrete/quartzite material with oversize material. R.Q. is fair to warning. Shrubs growing on shoulder. See: Photos 001 and 002 |
| D3001 | Tsumeb | 0,0 19,0 | T0110 (south of Oshivelo)-D3004 | 7 |
E | Graded every third week Gravelled by fair calcrete gravel Gradeability and R.Q. are good |
| D3001 | Tsumeb | 19,0 40,7 | D3004-D3007 | 7 |
E | Graded every third week. Gravelled by fair calcrete gravel. Gradeability and R.Q. are good. |
| D3001 | Tsumeb | 40,7 58,4 | D3007-D3047 | 7 |
E | Graded every third week. Gravelled by fair calcrete gravel. Gradeability and R.Q. are good. |
| D3001 | Tsumeb | 58,4 79,6 | D3047-M0075 (south Tsintsabis) | 7 |
E | Graded every third week. Gravelled by fair calcrete gravel. Gradeability and R.Q. are good. See: Photo 003 |
| D3003 | Tsumeb | 0,0 27,8 | T0110-D3028 | 5 |
E | Graded once in three months. Gradeability and R.Q. are good to fair. |
| D3004 | Tsumeb | 0,0 20,9 | T0110-D3001 | 4 |
E | Graded once in three months. Gradeability and R.Q. are good. |
| D3007 | Tsumeb | 0,0 54,4 | T0110 (north of Tsumeb)-D3001 | 8 |
E | Graded every third week. Gravelled by fair calcrete gravel. Gradeability and R.Q. are good. |
| D3016 | Tsumeb | 0,0 18,1 | M0075 (Tsintsabis)-D3017 | 4 |
E | Graded once in three months. Gradeability and R.Q. are good. See: Photo 004 |
| D3016 | Tsumeb | 18,1 25,0 | D3017-Reg.Border (Otjozondjupa) | 4 |
E | Graded once in three months. Gradeability and R.Q. are good. |
| D3017 | Tsumeb | 39,3 53,6 | Reg.Border (Otjozondjupa)-D3016 | 15 |
E | Graded once in three months. Gradeability and R.Q. are good. |
| D3021 | Tsumeb | 0,0 14,5 | M0072-Reg.Border (Otjozondjupa) | 6 |
E | Maintained by Otjozondjupa Region. Calcrete material with oversize material at places. R.Q. is good to fair. |
| D3022 | Tsumeb | 13,4 27,2 | (M0072)-Reg.Border (Otjozondjupa)-D2863 | 25 |
E | Maintained by Otjozondjupa Region. Calcrete material with oversize material at places. R.Q. is good to fair. Road reserve has to be debushed. |
| D3022 | Tsumeb | 27.2 41,4 | D2863-Reg.Border (Otjozondjupa) | 25 |
E | Maintained by Otjozondjupa Region. Calcrete material with oversize material at places. R.Q. is good to fair. Road reserve has to be debushed. |
| D3025 | Tsumeb | 0,0 47,8 | DR3028- Reg.Border (Otjozondjupa) | 1 |
E | Graded twice a year. Is in the process to be deproclaimed as a district road. |
| D3028 | Tsumeb | 64,0 90,7 | (Otavi)-Reg.Border (Otjozondjupa)-D3025 | 3 |
E | Graded once in three months. Gradeability and R.Q. are good. |
| D3028 | Tsumeb | 90,7 93,3 | D3025-D3003 | 3 |
E | Graded once in three months. Gradeability and R.Q. are good. |
| D3028 | Tsumeb | 93,3 113,0 | D3003-M0084 | 3 |
E | Graded once in three months. Gradeability and R.Q. are good. |
| D3031 | Tsumeb | 48,3 56,4 | (Otavi)-Reg.Border (Otjozondjupa)-D3043 | 5 |
E | Maintained by Otjozondjupa Region. Calcrete material. R.Q. is good. |
| D3039 | Tsumeb | 0,0 20,6 | M0075-Reg.Border (Otjozondjupa) | 2 |
E | Graded once in three months. Gradeability and R.Q. are good. |
| D3043 | Tsumeb | 0,0 19,4 | T0110-D3031 | 13 |
E | Graded every second week. Gradeability and R.Q. are good. |
| D3043 | Tsumeb | 19,4 24,1 | D3031- Reg.Border (Otjozondjupa)-(D3028) | 13 |
E | Graded every second week. Gradeability and R.Q. are good. |
| D3047 | Tsumeb | 0,0 42,5 | M0075 (north of Tsumeb)-D3001 (west of Tsintsabis) | 4 |
E | Graded every fifth week. Gradeability and R.Q. are good. |
| D3600 | Tsumeb | 0,0 13,3 | M0075/D3016 (Tsintsabis)-Reg.Border (Ohangwena) | 2 |
Not built yet | Not travelled |
| D3602 | Tsumeb | 50.6 57,3 | Reg.Border (Ohangwena)-D3603 (Okankolo) | 37 |
A/E | Graded every second week. The In-Situ N.P. to S.P. fine, white sand is susceptible to some corrosion and erosion. Gravelled by fair calcrete gravel. Gradeability and R.Q. are fair to warning. |
| D3603 | Tsumeb | 0,0 31,2 | T0111 (Onathinge)-D3602 (Okankolo) | 59 |
A/E | Graded every second week. The In-Situ N.P. to S.P. fine, white sand is susceptible to some corrosion and erosion. Gravelled by fair calcrete gravel. Gradeability and R.Q. are fair to warning. |
| D3603 | Tsumeb | 31,2 40,4 | D3602 (Okankolo)-D3631 | 59 |
A/E | Graded every second week. The In-Situ N.P. to S.P. fine, white sand is susceptible to some corrosion and erosion. Gravelled by fair calcrete gravel. Gradeability and R.Q. are fair. |
| D3603 | Tsumeb | 40,4 91,9 | D3631-D3630 (Ohumbula) | 4 |
Not built yet | Not travelled |
| D3603 | Tsumeb | 91,9 132,9 | D3630 (Ohumbula)-Reg.Border (Ohangwena)-(Okongo) | 4 |
Not built yet | Not travelled |
| D3606 | Tsumeb | 6,7 11,1 (the total distance from D 3629 to Oluno is ± 6 km) |
Reg.Border (Oshana)-D3629 (west of Olukonda) | 16 |
Labour-based Construction A/E |
Graded every second week. The original wearing course (calcrete) has been removed by E.B. grader maintenance (width of road increased from an original 6,00 m wearing course to ± 10,00 m.). The In-Situ N.P. to S.P. fine, white sand is susceptible to high corrosion and erosion: but due to lower traffic loads D3606 has a R.Q. from fair to warning with a maintained speed of 88-90 km/h. |
| D3625 | Tsumeb | 24,7 31,1 | Reg.Border (Ohangwena) –Oshigambo | 19 |
Labour-based Construction E |
Graded every second week. Gravelled by fair calcrete gravel. Gradeability and R.Q. are good. |
| D3625 | Tsumeb | 31,1 31,4 | Oshigambo- M0121 (Oshigambo Junction) | 19 |
Labour-based Construction E |
Graded every second week. Gravelled by fair calcrete gravel. Gradeability and R.Q. are good. |
| D3629 | Tsumeb | 0,0 3,4 | T0111 (Onethindi)-DR3606 (Olukonda) | 31 |
A/E or B:weak cohesion, loose material | Traffic counts have to be verified: The EAADT
seems too low: the Consulting Engineers (BICON) had a traffic count (End 1998) of ADT=165
2 km west of Onathindi and ADT=113 at Olukonda. Graded every second week. The original wearing course (calcrete) has been removed by E.B. grader maintenance (width of road increased from an original 6,00 m wearing course to ± 10,00 m.). The in-situ N.P. to S.P. fine, white sand is susceptible to high corrosion and erosion: the R.Q. (warning to poor) of the road is so bad that the traffic is driving on tracks on both sides and in the drains: 60 to 80 km/h are difficult to maintain. The gradeability is poor. |
| D3629 | Tsumeb | 3,4 5,8 | DR3606 (Olukonda)-End of road (Okaloko) | 22 |
A/E | Graded every second week. The original wearing course (calcrete) has been removed by E.B. grader maintenance (width of road increased from an original 6,00 m wearing course to ± 10,00 m.). The in-situ N.P. to S.P. fine, white sand is susceptible to high corrosion and erosion: but due to lower traffic loads the section of D3629 has a R.Q. from fair to warning with a maintained speed of 88-90 km/h. |
| D3630 | Tsumeb | 0,0 13,1 | T0111 (Onyati)-DR3631 (Onyuulaye) | 34 |
Labour-based Construction A/E |
Graded every second week. The in-situ N.P. to S.P. fine, white sand is susceptible to high corrosion (fixed corrugation) and erosion R.Q. from fair to warning with a maintained speed of 88-90 km/h. See: Photo 005 |
| D3630 | Tsumeb | 13,1 80,0 | D3631 (Onyuulaye)-D3603 (Ohumbula | 9 |
Labour-based Construction E |
Graded every second week. Gradeability and R.Q. of the silcrete/gypscrete material are good. |
| D3631 | Tsumeb | 0,0 20,5 | D3603 (east of Okankolo)-D3630 (Onyuulaye) | 10 |
Labour-based Construction E |
Graded every second week. Gradeability and R.Q. of the silcrete/gypscrete material are good. |
| M0075 | Tsumeb | 11,6 21,2 | End of Seal-D3047 | 79 |
E | Graded every second week. Good calcrete wearing course with some oversize material. Gradeability and R.Q. are good. |
| M0075 | Tsumeb | 21,2 27,9 | D3047-D3039 | 79 |
E | Graded every second week. Good calcrete wearing course with some oversize material. Gradeability and R.Q. are good. |
| M0075 | Tsumeb | 27,9 61,2 | D3039-D3001 | 79 |
E | Graded every second week. Good calcrete wearing course with some oversize material. Gradeability and R.Q. are good. |
| M0075 | Tsumeb | 61,2 65,0 | D3001-D3016 (Tsintsabis) | 79 |
E | Graded every second week. Good calcrete wearing course with some oversize material. Gradeability and R.Q. are good. |
| M0075 | Tsumeb | 65,0 65,2 | D3016 (Tsintsabis)-D3600 | 79 |
E | Graded every second week. Good calcrete wearing course with some oversize material. Gradeability and R.Q. are good. |
| M0121 | Tsumeb | 21,6 23,4 | M0121: End of Seal (Oshigambo)-Reg.Border (Ohangwena) | 535 |
A/E | The in-situ fill consists of N.P. to S.P.
sands and the one layer wearing course consists of poor sandy calcretes. It is loose in
places and is susceptible to some corrosion and erosion. The R.Q. is fair to poor (warning) and the gradeability tends to warning. This section of M0121 is graded every week. |
Note to table 31: Classification of Wearing Courses for Gravel and Earth Roads (Draft TRH 20)
 | Class A: Erodible Materials: Shrinkage Product between 100 and 370 (100-150: can perform satisfactorily: is finely graded: prone to erosion by water; 150-250: high gravel losses due to erosion; 250-370: ); Grading Coefficient: between 0 and 15,8; |
| Class B: Material ravels and corrugates: Shrinkage Product between 0 and 100 (2-50: rough; 50-100: lack of cohesion: loose material); Grading Coefficient: between 0 and 48,0; |
| Class C: Material ravels: Shrinkage Product between 100 and 370; Grading Coefficient: between 34,0 and 48,0 (fine gap graded gravels: no cohesion, loose material); |
| Class D: Material is slippery: Shrinkage Product between 370 and 550 (depending on PI: 4 to 18 and GM: 1,1 to 1,5 to 1,9; Grading Coefficient: between 0 and 48,0; |
| Class E: Material is good (but may be dusty): Shrinkage Product between 100 and 370; Grading Coefficient: between 16,0 and 34,0 (restrict oversize material to recommended limits: £ 5% + 37,5 mm); |
PHOTOS:
Photo 001: D2863: Kombat to ||Ghaub: 23 km from Kombat: View to the Northeast: Otjozondjupa Region
Copyright of Photo: Dr. Klaus Dierks
Photo 002: D2863: Kombat to ||Ghaub: 30 km from Kombat: View to the South: Oshikoto Region
Copyright of Photo: Dr. Klaus Dierks
Photo 003: D3001: D3047-M0075: 8 km west of M0075: View to West
Copyright of Photo: Dr. Klaus Dierks
Photo 004: D3016: M0075 (Tsintsabis) to D3017: 8 km from Tsintsabis: View to the East
Copyright of Photo: Dr. Klaus Dierks
Photo 005: D3630: T0111 (Onyati) to D3631 (Onyuulaye): 16 km from
T0111 at Onyati: View to the West
Copyright of Photo: Dr. Klaus Dierks
5.1.2 OSHANA REGION
The findings of the field trips for unpaved roads in the Oshana Region are summarised in table 32:
TABLE 32: FINDINGS OF THE FIELD SURVEY: UNPAVED ROADS: OSHANA REGION
| Road No. | District | Start-End Km |
Stations |
EAADT |
Pavement Type |
Findings of the Field Survey |
| D3605 | Ondangwa | 1,65 12,8 | End of Paved Section (D3605)-End of built road (Uukwiyo) | 18 |
Labour-based Construction A/E |
Graded every second week. The original wearing course (calcrete) has been removed by E.B. grader maintenance (width of road increased from an original 6,00 m wearing course to ± 10,00 m.). The in-situ N.P. to S.P. fine, white sand is susceptible to high corrosion and erosion: but due to lower traffic loads D3605 has a R.Q. from fair to warning with a maintained speed of 80-90 km/h. See: Photo 006 |
| D3605 | Ondangwa | 12,8 66,5 | End of built road (Uukwiyo)-Dist.Border (Oshakati) | 18 |
Not built as yet | Not travelled |
| D3606 | Ondangwa | 0,0 4,3 (the total distance from D 3629 to Oluno is ± 6 km) |
D3605-approx. Oluno prison (verify distance) |
15 |
Labour-based Construction A/E |
Graded every second week. The original wearing course (calcrete) has been removed by E.B. grader maintenance (width of road increased from an original 6,00 m wearing course to ± 10,00 m.). The in-situ N.P. to S.P. fine, white sand is susceptible to high corrosion and erosion: but due to lower traffic loads D3606 has a R.Q. from good to warning with a maintained speed of 80-90 km/h. |
| D3606 | Ondangwa | 4,3 6,7 (the total distance from D 3629 to Oluno is ± 6 km) |
Approx. Oluno prison-Reg.Border
(Oshikoto)-(Olukonda) (verify distance) |
16 |
Labour-based Construction | Graded every second week. The original wearing course (calcrete) has been removed by E.B. grader maintenance (width of road increased from an original 6,00 m wearing course to ± 10,00 m.). The in-situ N.P. to S.P. fine, white sand is susceptible to high corrosion and erosion: but due to lower traffic loads D3606 has a R.Q. from good to warning with a maintained speed of 80-90 km/h. |
| D3636 | Ondangwa | 0,0 8,9 | M0092 (Okaku)-Dist.Border (Oshakati) | 47 |
Labour-based Construction | Under construction. See: Photos 007 to 012 |
| D3637 | Ondangwa | 0,0 17,6 | M0092 (Okapya)-D3638 (Ohalushu) | 20 |
Labour-based Construction | Under construction See: Photo 031 |
| D3638 | Ondangwa | 10,2 13,1 | (Ongha)-Reg.Border (Ohangwena)-D3637 (Ohalushu) | 10 |
Labour-based Construction | Under construction |
| D3638 | Ondangwa | 13,1 25,9 | D3637 (Ohalushu)-Dist.Border (Oshakati) | 10 |
Labour-based Construction | Under construction |
| D3605 | Oshakati | 66,5 90,8 | Dist.Border (Ondangwa)-Reg.Border (Omusati) | 18 |
Not built as yet | Not travelled |
| D3607 | Oshakati | 0,0 14,8 | M0092 (Oshakati)-Ompundja | 23 |
Labour-based Construction A/E |
Graded every second week. The original wearing course (calcrete) has been removed by E.B. grader maintenance (width of road increased from an original 6,00 m wearing course to ± 10,00 m.). The in-situ N.P. to S.P. fine, white sand is susceptible to some corrosion and erosion: but due to lower traffic loads D3607 has a R.Q. from fair to warning with a maintained speed of 80-90 km/h. |
| D3609 | Oshakati | 0,0 10,7 | M0092 (west of Oshakati)-Reg.Border (Omusati) | 50 |
The in-situ S.P. fine, white sand is
susceptible to some corrosion and erosion. The sandy calcrete wearing course (re-gravelled ± 1995) gives a reasonable R.Q. (good to warning) and gradeability. D3609 is graded once a week. A speed of 80-90 km/h can be maintained. |
|
| D3636 | Oshakati | 8,9 24,5 | Dist.Border (Ondangwa)- Onakamwandi | 47 |
Labour-based Construction | Under construction |
| D3638 | Oshakati | 25,9 30,3 | Dist.Border (Ondangwa)-M0092 (Eko) | 10 |
Labour-based Construction | Under construction |
| D3647 | Oshakati | 0,0 ± 10,0 | M0120 (Ombwata- Reg.Border (Ohangwena)-(Ongenga) | Not built as yet (crossing Oshanas Epundi and Okahenge) |
| M0120 | Oshakati | 6,3 11,8 | (M0092)-(End of Seal at Oshana Okatana)-Reg.Border (Ohangwena)-(Endola) | 72 |
A/E | M0120 is only built to Endola. From Endola to Omafu it still has to be constructed. The in-situ fill consists of N.P. to S.P. sands and the one layer wearing course consists of poor sandy calcretes. It is loose in places and is susceptible to some corrosion and erosion. The R.Q. is fair to poor (warning) and the gradeability tends to warning. This section of M0120 is graded every week. |
Note to table 32: Classification of Wearing Courses for Gravel and Earth Roads (Draft TRH 20)
| Class A: Erodible Materials: Shrinkage Product between 100 and 370 (100-150: can perform satisfactorily: is finely graded: prone to erosion by water; 150-250: high gravel losses due to erosion; 250-370: ); Grading Coefficient: between 0 and 15,8; |
| Class B: Material ravels and corrugates: Shrinkage Product between 0 and 100 (2-50: rough; 50-100: lack of cohesion: loose material); Grading Coefficient: between 0 and 48,0; |
| Class C: Material ravels: Shrinkage Product between 100 and 370; Grading Coefficient: between 34,0 and 48,0 (fine gap graded gravels: no cohesion, loose material); |
| Class D: Material is slippery: Shrinkage Product between 370 and 550 (depending on PI: 4 to 18 and GM: 1,1 to 1,5 to 1,9; Grading Coefficient: between 0 and 48,0; |
| Class E: Material is good (but may be dusty): Shrinkage Product between 100 and 370; Grading Coefficient: between 16,0 and 34,0 (restrict oversize material to recommended limits: £ 5% + 37,5 mm); |
PHOTOS:
Photo 006: D3605: End of Seal(Oluno) to End of built D3605: km 5,5
from End of Seal (Oluno): View to the North-East
Copyright of Photo: Dr. Klaus Dierks
Photos 007 to 012: D3636: Main Road 92 (Northwest of Ondangwa) to End
(Onakamwandi): Labour-based Construction: Task Work: 4 m³ per Task for approx. US$ 2,20
per Task: Up to 4 Tasks can be managed by some People: Labour-based Road Building was
introduced in Namibia, against the Resistance of many conservative, South Africa trained
Engineers, by the Author of this Study at Independence: After many Years of Research and
many Trials, Namibia is now a Leader in Labour-based Technology in Africa: Project
financed by German Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau
Copyright of Photos: M Engelien
5.1.3 OHANGWENA REGION
The findings of the field trips for unpaved roads in the Ohangwena Region are summarised in table 33:
TABLE 33: FINDINGS OF THE FIELD SURVEY: UNPAVED ROADS: OHANGWENA REGION
| Road No. | District | Start-End Km |
Stations |
EAADT |
Pavement Type |
Findings of the Field Survey |
| D3600 | Eenhana | 113,3 128,4 | Reg.Border (Oshikoto)-M0110 | 5 |
Not built as yet | Not travelled |
| D3602 | Eenhana | 0,0 3,5 | Elundu-M0110 | 37 |
A/E | The in-situ S.P. fine, white sand is
susceptible to some corrosion and erosion. The sandy calcrete wearing course gives a good
R.Q. and gradeability. D3602 is graded once a month. |
| D3602 | Eenhana | 3,5 50,6 | M0110-Reg.Border (Oshikoto)-(Okankolo) | 37 |
The in-situ S.P. fine, white sand is
susceptible to some corrosion and erosion. The sandy calcrete wearing course gives a good
R.Q. and gradeability. D3602 is graded once a month. |
|
| D3603 | Eenhana | 132,9 153,1 | Reg.Border (Oshikoto)-M0110 (Okongo) | 4 |
Not built as yet | Not travelled |
| D3604 | Eenhana | 0,0 11,7 | M0121-Uukango | 3 |
Not built as yet | Not travelled |
| D3608 | Eenhana | 3,5 29,1 | End of Seal (Engela)-Ongenga-D3609 | 38 |
E | D3608 was re-gravelled with fine-graded
calcrete in 2000 and gradeability and R.Q. are good. D3608 is graded once a week. See: Photos 013 and 014 |
| D3608 | Eenhana | 29,1 35,3 | D3609-Reg.Border (Omusati) | 50 |
E | D3608 was re-gravelled with fine-graded
calcrete in 2000 and gradeability and R.Q. are good. D3608 is graded once a week. |
| D3609 | Eenhana | 24,8 36,9 | (Oshakati)-Reg.Border (Omusati)-Omungwelume-D3608 | 50 |
A/E | The in-situ S.P. fine, white sand is
susceptible to some corrosion and erosion. The sandy calcrete wearing course (re-gravelled
± 1995) gives a reasonable R.Q. (good to warning) and
gradeability. D3609 is graded once a week. A speed of 80-90 km/h can be maintained. See: Photo 015 |
| D3624 | Eenhana | 0,0 14,6 | M0110 (14,5 km east of Elundu Junction)-End of Road (Omunghaundilo) | 14 |
Equipment-based Construction A/E |
The in-situ S.P. fine, white sand is
susceptible to some corrosion and erosion. The sandy calcrete wearing course gives a
reasonable R.Q. (good to warning) and gradeability. D3624 is graded once a month. A speed of 80-90 km/h can be maintained. |
| D3625 | Eenhana | 0,0 24,7 | M0110 (18,7 km east of Omafo: Ondobe)-Reg.Border (Oshikoto)-(Oshigambo) | 15 |
Labour-based Construction A/E |
Graded every second week Gravelled by fair calcrete gravel Gradeability and R.Q. are good. The original cross section of the road has not been properly maintained. A speed of 80-90 km/h can be maintained. See: Photo 017 |
| D3638 | Eenhana | 0,0 10,2 | T0111 (Ongha)-Reg.Border (Oshana) | 6 |
Labour-based Construction | Under construction |
| D3639 | Eenhana | 0,0 24,4 | T0111 (north of Junction with D3608: south of Oshikango)-Odibo-M0110 (Junction with D3625) | 190 |
Not built as yet | Not travelled |
| D3647 | Eenhana | ± 10,0 ± 31,5 | Reg.Border (Ohangwena)-D3608 (Ongenga) | Not built as yet (crossing Oshanas Epundi and Okahenge) |
See photo 17 | |
| M0110 | Eenhana | 71,9 86,4 | End of Seal (D3602: Elundu Junction)-D3624 | 50 |
A/E | The in-situ N.P. to S.P. fine, white sand is
susceptible to some corrosion and erosion. The sandy calcrete wearing course (re-gravelled
2000) gives a poor R.Q. (warning) and gradeability (warning), and under heavy traffic dust
results in many accidents. Some powder holes were observed. M0110 is graded once a week. A speed of 80-90 km/h can be maintained. |
| M0110 | Eenhana | 86,4 124,1 | D3624-D3603 (Okongo) | 50 |
A/E | The in-situ N.P. to S.P. fine, white sand is
susceptible to some corrosion and erosion. The sandy calcrete wearing course (re-gravelled
2000) gives a poor R.Q. (warning) and gradeability (warning), and under heavy traffic dust
results in many accidents. Some powder holes were observed. M0110 is graded once a week. The last 20 km to Okongo are presently re-gravelled with good calcrete: here the R.Q. and gradeability are good. A speed of 80-90 km/h can be maintained. See: Photo 018 |
| M0110 | Eenhana | 124,1 204,6 | D3603 (Okongo)-D3600 | 50 |
A/E/B | The in-situ fill consists of N.P. to S.P.
sands and the one layer wearing course consists of poor sandy calcretes. It is loose in
places and is susceptible to some corrosion and erosion. The R.Q. is fair to poor
(warning) and the gradeability tends to warning. This section of M0110 is graded every second week. |
| M0110 | Eenhana | 204,6 208,8 | D3600-Reg.Border (Kavango) | 50 |
The in-situ fill consists of N.P. to S.P.
sands and the one layer wearing course consists of poor sandy calcretes. It is loose in
places and is susceptible to some corrosion and erosion. The R.Q. is fair to poor
(warning) and the gradeability tends to warning. This section of M0110 is graded every second week. |
|
| M0120 | Eenhana | 11,8 22,7 | Reg.Border (Oshana)-Endola | 72 |
A/E | The in-situ fill consists of N.P. to S.P. sands and the one layer wearing course consists of poor sandy calcretes. It is loose in places and is susceptible to some corrosion and erosion. The R.Q. is fair to poor (warning) and the gradeability tends to warning. |
| M0120 | Eenhana | 22,7 42,5 | Endola- T0111 (Omafo) | 72 |
Not built as yet | Not travelled |
| M0121 | Eenhana | 23.4 39,0 | Reg.Border (Oshikoto)-D3604 | 82 |
A/E | The in-situ fill consists of N.P. to S.P.
sands and the one layer wearing course consists of poor sandy calcretes. It is loose in
places and is susceptible to some corrosion and erosion. The R.Q. is fair to poor
(warning) and the gradeability tends to warning. This section of M0121 is graded every week. |
| M0121 | Eenhana | 39,0 67,3 | D3604-M0110 (Eenhana) | 82 |
A/E | The in-situ fill consists of N.P. to S.P.
sands and the one layer wearing course consists of poor sandy calcretes. It is loose in
places and is susceptible to some corrosion and erosion. The R.Q. is fair to poor
(warning) and the gradeability tends to warning. This section of M0121 is graded every week. |
Note to table 33: Classification of Wearing Courses for Gravel and Earth Roads (Draft TRH 20)
| Class A: Erodible Materials: Shrinkage Product between 100 and 370 (100-150: can perform satisfactorily: is finely graded: prone to erosion by water; 150-250: high gravel losses due to erosion; 250-370: ); Grading Coefficient: between 0 and 15,8; |
| Class B: Material ravels and corrugates: Shrinkage Product between 0 and 100 (2-50: rough; 50-100: lack of cohesion: loose material); Grading Coefficient: between 0 and 48,0; |
| Class C: Material ravels: Shrinkage Product between 100 and 370; Grading Coefficient: between 34,0 and 48,0 (fine gap graded gravels: no cohesion, loose material); |
| Class D: Material is slippery: Shrinkage Product between 370 and 550 (depending on PI: 4 to 18 and GM: 1,1 to 1,5 to 1,9; Grading Coefficient: between 0 and 48,0; |
| Class E: Material is good (but may be dusty): Shrinkage Product between 100 and 370; Grading Coefficient: between 16,0 and 34,0 (restrict oversize material to recommended limits: £ 5% + 37,5 mm); |
PHOTOS:
Photo 013: D3608: From End of Seal at Engela to M0092 at Outapi: 5,0
km west of Engela: View to the West
Copyright of Photo: Dr. Klaus Dierks
Photo 014: D3608: From End of Seal at Engela to M0092 at Outapi: 2,0
km west of Ongenga: View to the East
Copyright of Photo: Dr. Klaus Dierks
Photo 015: D3609: D3608 (Ongenga) to M0092 (north-west of Oshakati):
2,0 km north of Omungwelume: View to the North
Copyright of Photo: Dr. Klaus Dierks
Photo 016: D3625: M0121 (Oshigambo) to M0110 (Ondobe): km 2,0 from
Oshikoto/Ohangwena Border: Access to Onamkulo School: View to the South
Copyright of Photo: Dr. Klaus Dierks
District Road 3647 between Ombwata near Endola and Ongenga in
the Ohangwena Region: Road proclaimed but not built yet
Copyright of Photo: Dr. Klaus Dierks
Photo 046: M0110: From Elundu Junction (D3602) to Okongo: 5 km west
of Okongo: new Gravel Section: View to the West
Copyright of Photo: Dr. Klaus Dierks
5.1.4 OMUSATI REGION
The findings of