1865
Maharero concludes a peace treaty with Topnaar Nama (#Aonin).
Rhenish missionary Johannes Olpp becomes missionary at Berseba (1865-1867).
17.07. ||Oaseb, Hendrik Henricks and #Aimab again attack the Witbooi Nama in Gibeon. This time Kido Witbooi with his allies David Christian Frederiks from Bethany and Paul Goliath from Berseba defeat ||Oaseb.
March
Andersson sends JJL Smuts to hunt elephants in Ovamboland and Joseph Grendon to establish a trading post at Ondonga where he stays until 1866.
25.05. The Witbooi Nama Isaak Witbooi is born in Gibeon.
31.08.-02.09. ||Hawoben leader Hendrik Henricks attacks Otjikango and takes Rhenish missionary Brincker hostage. Brincker reports later that Chief Hendrik takes a strong anti-missionary attitude: "What are you doing here in this country? I don’t want this."
03.09. Orlam Afrikaners together with Hendrik Henricks again attack Otjimbingwe. They are defeated and Hendrik is later killed by Ovaherero. Hendrik is succeeded by his brother Karl "Ses" Hendrik.
18.11. Carl Hugo Hahn lays the cornerstone for a church at Otjimbingwe. Eduard Hälbich is the architect and builder. On 01.12.1867 the church is consecrated. The tower is added in 1899 but collapses in 1900 and is rebuilt in 1904.

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Carl Hugo Hahn's Rhenish Church at Otjimbingwe
Copyright of Photo: Dr. Klaus Dierks

1866



Wesleyan missionaries ask the Rhenish Missionary Society to take over their station at Warmbad. The first Rhenish missionary is Friedrich Wilhelm Weber (1867-1880).
Christian Baumann, Elias Schrenck and Heinrich Felling become further mission colonists of Hahn at Otjimbingwe (until the 1870s).
Swedish hunter and trader Axel Wilhelm Eriksson is sent by Captain TC Een to Ovamboland, together with the Swede Svante.
King Nuyoma of the Uukwambi area makes first contacts with European traders and hunters in Ovamboland (Green).
19.02. Green reaches the Kunene River from the south after having visited the Uukwaluudhi King Shikongo shIipinge.
14.04.

The Rhenish Missionary Society establishes a mission station at Keetmanshoop. The station is financially supported by Johann Keetman, a wealthy German businessman. Johann Georg Schröder is the first missionary (until 1871). Before his transfer to Keetmanshoop Schröder served at Berseba (1863-1866). His post at Keetmanshoop is taken over by Balthasar Dubiel (22.01.1872 to May 1872).

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Keetmanshoop: Rhenish Church: Karas Region
Copyright of Photo Dr. Klaus Dierks

28.04. Samuel Afrikaner is involved in a skirmish with the expedition of William Coates Palgrave at Namutoni. Palgrave is on his way to Ovamboland.
05.05. British Captain Charles C Forsyth again takes possession of the 12 Atlantic offshore islands.
05.08. Hahn reaches the Kunene River from the south after visiting King Mweshipandeka sha Shaningika of the Uukwanyama area.
25.09.
||Oaseb and #Aimab again attack Gibeon. Kido Witbooi, who was visiting his son Moses Witbooi in Goa-mûs, defends himself against ||Oaseb with the help of his ally Paul Goliath.
October ||Oaseb is finally defeated. His missionary, Vollmer, dies later and Paul Goliath buries him at Hei-guru-aos (Sendlingsgrab) at the Tsaob River. ||Oaseb returns to Hoachanas where he dies.
December Hahn founds the Augustineum College in Otjimbingwe (named in honour of the church father Augustine). This theological seminar is intended to train indigenous students as national assistants.
Kambauruma Kazahendike is responsible for the girl’s school at Otjimbingwe.
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